Genesis 10:13

וּמִצְרַיִם יָלַד אֶת־לוּדִים וְאֶת־עֲנָמִים וְאֶת־לְהָבִים וְאֶת־נַפְתֻּחִֽים׃

✦ Hebrew interlinear

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✦ The same verse in five languages

Hebrew

וּמִצְרַ֡יִם יָלַ֞ד אֶת־לוּדִ֧ים וְאֶת־עֲנָמִ֛ים וְאֶת־לְהָבִ֖ים וְאֶת־נַפְתֻּחִֽים׃

Greek (Septuagint)

καὶ Μεσράιν ἐγέννησεν τούς Λουδιεὶμ καὶ τοὺς Νεφθολιεὶμ καὶ τοὺς λἰνεμετιεὶμ τοὺς Λιφιεὶμ

Greek text from Swete's edition, CC BY-SA 4.0

Latin (Vulgate)

At vero Mesraim genuit Ludim, et Anamim et Laabim, Nephthuim,

Spanish

Mizrayín fue el antepasado de los ludeos, los anameos, los lejabeos, los naftujeos,

Classic Spanish (Reina-Valera 1909)

Y Mizraim engendró á Ludim, y á Anamim, y á Lehabim, y á Naphtuhim,

English

Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, the Anamites, the Lehabites, the Naphtuhites,

✦ What the text says

Summary

The verse continues the genealogy of Noah's descendants, stating that Mizraim (מִצְרַ֡יִם) fathered four named peoples: the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, and Naphtuhites. It follows the same formulaic pattern used throughout the Table of Nations in Genesis 10.

Key words

ya.Lad ("he fathered", H3205) — qal perfect third-person masculine singular verb, expressing a completed act of begetting; the same verb used throughout Genesis 10 to link ancestor to descendant groups.
mitz.Ra.yim ("Mizraim", H4714H) — proper name functioning as the subject of the sentence; grammatically singular though it denotes what elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible functions as a national/geographic designation.
lu.Dim ("the Ludites", H3866G) — a plural proper name marking a people group, first of four objects governed by the verb ya.Lad.
'a.na.Mim ("the Anamites", H6047) — gentilic plural noun, second object in the list, formed with the same -im plural pattern as the other three names.
'et- ("", H0853) — the direct object marker, repeated before each of the four names (lu.Dim, 'a.na.Mim, le.ha.Vim, naf.tu.Chim), structurally binding each name to the verb ya.Lad as its object.

What the text says

The Hebrew sentence has a simple structure: subject (mitz.Ra.yim) + verb (ya.Lad) + four objects, each introduced by the direct object marker 'et- and joined by the conjunction ve- ("and", H9002). This repetition of 'et-... ve'et-... ve'et-... ve'et- creates a rhythmic, list-like syntax typical of the genealogical sections of Genesis 10, where a single verb governs multiple objects rather than being repeated for each name.

All four names carry the -im plural ending characteristic of Hebrew gentilic or collective nouns, marking them as peoples or clans rather than individuals, even though grammatically the verb ya.Lad ("he fathered") treats them as if they were individual offspring of Mizraim. This is consistent with the pattern in Genesis 10 where ethnic and geographic groups are presented through the grammar of individual paternity.

Differences between versions

The LXX (Swete) renders four names as Λουδιεὶμ, Νεφθολιεὶμ, λἰνεμετιεὶμ, and Λιφιεὶμ, differing in both order and form from the Hebrew sequence lu.Dim, 'a.na.Mim, le.ha.Vim, naf.tu.Chim. Notably, the LXX list places what corresponds to naf.tu.Chim second rather than fourth, and its third name (λἰνεμετιεὶμ) does not clearly correspond to 'a.na.Mim in form. The Vulgate follows an order closer to the Hebrew (Ludim, Anamim, Laabim, Nephthuim), though "Laabim" reflects a different transliteration choice than "Lehabim" for le.ha.Vim.

This explanation describes the text using linguistic data; it adds no doctrine or confessional interpretation.