Numbers 29:19

Summary

Numbers 29:19 specifies an additional offering required alongside the regular daily sacrifice: one male goat as a sin offering, presented in addition to (not replacing) the continual burnt offering with its accompanying grain offering and drink offerings.

Key words

• se'ir ("a male goat of", H8163B) — construct form linking to 'izzim ("goats", H5795); together they specify the animal type, "a goat from the goats" i.e. a male goat.
• chattat ("a sin offering", H2403H) — feminine singular noun naming the offering's category and function, distinct from the burnt offering ('olah) mentioned later.
• milevad (from mi + le + vad, H9006/H9005/H0905J) — a compound preposition meaning "besides" or "apart from," marking that this goat offering is additional to what follows.
• 'olat ha-tamid ("the burnt offering of the continuity", H5930A + H8548) — construct chain naming the standing daily burnt offering, the baseline sacrifice to which this verse's goat is added.
• nischei-hem ("their drink offerings", H5262 + H9028) — plural construct noun with third-person masculine plural suffix, indicating drink offerings belonging jointly to the burnt offering and grain offering previously named.

What the text says

The Hebrew sentence is built as a list of offerings connected by the conjunction ve ("and", H9002), attached to nouns in construct chains. The verse opens with se'ir-'izzim 'echad chattat — "one male goat, a sin offering" — where 'echad ("one", H0259) quantifies the goat and chattat names its ritual category, not by a verb but by direct apposition (noun standing next to noun).

The phrase milevad 'olat ha-tamid uses the compound preposition milevad to mark this goat sacrifice as separate from and additional to 'olat ha-tamid, "the burnt offering of continuity" — the standing daily sacrifice referenced elsewhere in Numbers 28-29. The construct chain 'olat ha-tamid joins "burnt offering of" (H5930A) with "the continuity" (H8548), naming a specific recurring offering type.

The final clause, u-minchatah ve-nischeihem, attaches a grain offering (minchah, H4503G) with a third-person feminine singular suffix ("its," referring back to the burnt offering) and drink offerings (nesachim, H5262) with a third-person masculine plural suffix ("their," referring to the burnt offering and grain offering together). The suffixes show that these accompanying offerings belong grammatically to the tamid offering, not to the goat sin offering named earlier.

Differences between versions

The LXX renders the Hebrew chattat ("sin offering") with περὶ ἁμαρτίας ("concerning sin"), and adds a doubled phrase — αἱ θυσίαι αὐτῶν καὶ αἱ σπονδαὶ αὐτῶν, καὶ αἱ σπονδαὶ αὐτῶν ("their sacrifices and their libations, and their libations") — repeating "libations" where the Hebrew has a single term nischeihem ("their drink offerings"). The Vulgate follows the Hebrew structure closely, rendering milevad as absque ("apart from, without") and preserving the singular suffix pattern with sacrificioque et libamine ejus ("and its sacrifice and its libation," singular "its").