Leviticus 25:19

Summary

The verse describes a sequence of consequences: the land will give its fruit, the people will eat to fullness, and they will dwell securely upon it. The three clauses are linked by consecutive verb forms that present them as a chain of results following one another.

Key words

• nat.Nah ("it will give", H5414G) — qal sequential perfect, feminine singular ("she"), agreeing with 'A.retz ("the land"); continues the narrative sequence begun elsewhere in the passage.
• 'A.retz ("land", H0776G) — feminine singular noun with the definite article ha (H9009), the subject of the giving.
• pir.Ya ("fruit", H6529) — masculine singular noun in construct form ("fruit of...") bound to the suffix h ("its", H9024), producing "its fruit."
• 'a.khal.Tem ("you will eat", H0398) — qal sequential perfect, second person masculine plural, continuing the chain of consequence.
• shav.Tem ("you will dwell", H3427) — qal sequential perfect, second person masculine plural, the final link in the sequence.

What the text says

The Hebrew sentence is built entirely from sequential (vav-consecutive) perfect verbs: nat.Nah ("it will give"), 'a.khal.Tem ("you will eat"), and shav.Tem ("you will dwell"). This grammatical chaining presents the three actions — the land giving fruit, the people eating, and the people dwelling — as a linked series of events, each following from the previous one rather than as isolated statements. The subject of the first verb is 'A.retz ("the land"), grammatically feminine, matching the feminine form of nat.Nah.

The phrase pir.Ya ("fruit," construct with suffix "its") shows the construct-plus-suffix construction typical of Biblical Hebrew possessives, here rendered as "its fruit" — i.e., the fruit belonging to the land just mentioned. The prepositional phrases la-Soa' ("to abundance/fullness") and la-Ve.tach ("to security") use the preposition la (H9005) to express the manner or result of the eating and dwelling: eating "to" fullness, dwelling "to" (i.e., in a state of) security. The final phrase 'a.Lei.ha ("upon it/her") uses a preposition with a pronominal suffix referring back to 'A.retz ("the land"), anchoring the dwelling explicitly to the land itself.

Differences between versions

The LXX renders pir.Ya ("its fruit") with the plural τὰ ἐκφόρια ("the produce/yields"), a broader term than the singular construct "fruit" in the Hebrew. The Vulgate renders la.Ve.tach ("to/in security") with "nullius impetum formidantes" ("fearing no one's attack"), an interpretive expansion describing the content of that security rather than a direct equivalent of the Hebrew noun Ve.tach ("security", H0983).