Genesis 25:15

Summary

This verse concludes a list of names, giving the last five sons attributed to Ishmael in the surrounding genealogy: Chadad ("Hadad", H2301), Tema ("Tema", H8485G), Yetur ("Jetur", H3195G), Naphish ("Naphish", H5305), and Qedemah ("Kedemah", H6929). The verse is a pure enumeration of proper names with no verb.

Key words

• Chadad ("Hadad", H2301) — proper name, first in the series, introduced without a conjunction attached, following directly from the preceding verse's list.
• ve ("and", H9002, before Tema) — coordinating conjunction linking Chadad to Tema.
• Yetur ("Jetur", H3195G) and Naphish ("Naphish", H5305) — these two names appear consecutively with no conjunction between them, differing from the pattern used elsewhere in the list.
• va ("and", H9002, before Qedemah) — the same conjunction as item 2 but in a form adapted to the following consonant, joining the final name to the series.

What the text says

The Hebrew presents five names in a single string: Chadad, then ve-Tema, then Yetur, then Naphish, then va-Qedemah. The conjunction ve/va ("and", H9002) appears only twice — before Tema and before Qedemah — while Yetur and Naphish stand next to each other without any connecting particle. This asyndetic pairing (no "and" between Yetur and Naphish) is a feature visible only in the Hebrew text itself; it does not affect meaning but shows an internal grouping within the list that is not preserved as a distinct feature in translations relying on comma-separated lists. There is no finite verb in the verse; it functions purely as a continuation of a genealogical enumeration begun in the preceding verses.

Differences between versions

The Vulgate renders the first name as "Hadar" (VULCLEM), while the Hebrew has Chadad ("Hadad", H2301) — a difference of one consonant (dalet vs. resh) between the Hebrew form and the Latin form. The LXX gives "Χοδδάν" (Choddan) for this same name, which also differs from the Hebrew Chadad in its final consonant and vocalization. The LXX further renders Naphish (H5305) as "Ναφές" (Naphes), a variant ending compared to the Hebrew form. The remaining names — Tema, Yetur, and Kedemah — are rendered consistently across the Hebrew, LXX, and Vulgate, differing only in the expected transliteration adjustments between languages.