Exodus 29:21
וְלָקַחְתָּ מִן־הַדָּם אֲשֶׁר עַֽל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וּמִשֶּׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וְהִזֵּיתָ עַֽל־אַהֲרֹן וְעַל־בְּגָדָיו וְעַל־בָּנָיו וְעַל־בִּגְדֵי בָנָיו אִתּוֹ וְקָדַשׁ הוּא וּבְגָדָיו וּבָנָיו וּבִגְדֵי בָנָיו אִתּֽוֹ׃
✦ Hebrew interlinear
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✦ The same verse in five languages
וְלָקַחְתָּ֞ מִן־הַדָּ֨ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַֽל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ֮ וּמִשֶּׁ֣מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה֒ וְהִזֵּיתָ֤ עַֽל־אַהֲרֹן֙ וְעַל־בְּגָדָ֔יו וְעַל־בָּנָ֛יו וְעַל־בִּגְדֵ֥י בָנָ֖יו אִתּ֑וֹ וְקָדַ֥שׁ הוּא֙ וּבְגָדָ֔יו וּבָנָ֛יו וּבִגְדֵ֥י בָנָ֖יו אִתּֽוֹ׃
καὶ λήμψῃ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐλαίου τῆς χρίσεως, καὶ ῥανεῖς ἐπὶ Ἀαρὼν καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν στολὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς στολὰς τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἁγιασθήσεται αὐτὸς καὶ ἢ στολὴ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ αἱ στολαὶ τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτοῦ· τὸ ’δε αἷμα τού κριοῦ προσχεεῖς πρὸς τὸ θυσιαστήριον κύκλῳ.
Greek text from Swete's edition, CC BY-SA 4.0
Latin (Vulgate)
Cumque tuleris de sanguine qui est super altare, et de oleo unctionis, asperges Aaron et vestes ejus, filios et vestimenta eorum. Consecratisque ipsis et vestibus,
Tomarás un poco de la sangre que está en el altar y del aceite de la unción, y rociarás a Aarón y a sus ropas, y también a sus hijos y a sus ropas. De esta manera quedarán consagrados él, sus hijos y la ropa de todos ellos.
Classic Spanish (Reina-Valera 1909)
Y tomarás de la sangre que hay sobre el altar, y del aceite de la unción, y esparcirás sobre Aarón, y sobre sus vestiduras, y sobre sus hijos, y sobre las vestimentas de éstos; y él será santificado, y sus vestiduras, y sus hijos, y las vestimentas de sus hijos con él.
And take some of the blood on the altar and some of the anointing oil and sprinkle it on Aaron and his garments, as well as on his sons and their garments. Then he and his garments will be consecrated, as well as his sons and their garments.
✦ What the text says
Summary
The verse instructs taking some of the blood on the altar together with anointing oil and sprinkling it on Aaron, his garments, his sons, and his sons' garments. The result of this action is that Aaron, his sons, and their garments become holy.
Key words
- la.kach.Ta ("you will take", H3947) — qal sequential perfect, continuing the chain of instructions begun in earlier verses; the form implies "and then you shall take," tying this act to the preceding ritual steps.
- mish.Chah ("anointing", H4888) — feminine singular noun in construct with She.men ("oil of", H8081), forming the phrase "oil of anointing," the substance mixed with blood for sprinkling.
- hi.zei.Ta ("you will spatter [it]", H5137) — hiphil (causative) sequential perfect: the subject (Moses, addressed throughout) causes the blood-oil mixture to scatter onto the persons and objects named.
- ka.Dash ("he will be holy", H6942) — qal sequential perfect, third person; marks the resulting state after the sprinkling, not a separate command but the consequence of the prior action.
- big.Dei ("[the] garments of", H899) — masculine plural construct, repeated four times in the verse to specify whose garments (Aaron's, his sons') receive the sprinkled mixture.
What the text says
The Hebrew sentence is built as a chain of sequential perfect verbs (ve- + perfect), a common narrative-legal structure in which each verb continues the action of the previous one: "you shall take" (la.kach.Ta), "you shall spatter" (hi.zei.Ta), and finally "he will be holy" (ka.Dash). This last verb is grammatically parallel in form to the two preceding action verbs, but its content is stative — it describes a resulting condition rather than a further act performed by the addressee. The structure therefore presents the holiness of Aaron, his garments, his sons, and their garments as the direct grammatical and narrative continuation of the sprinkling, rather than as a separate ritual step.
The repeated preposition 'al ("on", H5921) before each target — Aaron, his garments, his sons, his sons' garments — creates a list structure in the Hebrew that enumerates each recipient of the sprinkled substance individually. The phrase 'i.T-o ("with him", H854 + suffix) appears twice, first closing the list of sprinkling targets and second closing the list of those who become holy, mirroring the two halves of the verse (action / result) with parallel syntax.
Differences between versions
The LXX renders hi.zei.Ta ("you will spatter", H5137) with ῥανεῖς ("you will sprinkle"), consistent with the Hebrew hiphil causative sense. The LXX also adds a clause not present in the Hebrew of this verse ("τὸ δὲ αἷμα τοῦ κριοῦ προσχεεῖς πρὸς τὸ θυσιαστήριον κύκλῳ" — concerning the blood of the ram poured around the altar), which does not correspond to any Hebrew word listed for Exodus 29:21. The Vulgate renders ka.Dash ("he will be holy", H6942) with the passive participle construction "Consecratisque ipsis et vestibus" ("and they and the vestments having been consecrated"), shifting the Hebrew's stative verb into a participial ablative construction that ties directly into the following verse.
This explanation describes the text using linguistic data; it adds no doctrine or confessional interpretation.