Exodus 25:35
וְכַפְתֹּר תַּחַת שְׁנֵי הַקָּנִים מִמֶּנָּה וְכַפְתֹּר תַּחַת שְׁנֵי הַקָּנִים מִמֶּנָּה וְכַפְתֹּר תַּחַת־שְׁנֵי הַקָּנִים מִמֶּנָּה לְשֵׁשֶׁת הַקָּנִים הַיֹּצְאִים מִן־הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃
✦ Hebrew interlinear
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✦ The same verse in five languages
וְכַפְתֹּ֡ר תַּחַת֩ שְׁנֵ֨י הַקָּנִ֜ים מִמֶּ֗נָּה וְכַפְתֹּר֙ תַּ֣חַת שְׁנֵ֤י הַקָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נָּה וְכַפְתֹּ֕ר תַּחַת־שְׁנֵ֥י הַקָּנִ֖ים מִמֶּ֑נָּה לְשֵׁ֙שֶׁת֙ הַקָּנִ֔ים הַיֹּצְאִ֖ים מִן־הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃
καὶ ἐν τῇ λυχνίᾳ τέσσαρες κρατῆρες ἐκτετυπωμένοι καρυίσκους.
Greek text from Swete's edition, CC BY-SA 4.0
Latin (Vulgate)
Sphærulæ sub duobus calamis per tria loca, qui simul sex fiunt procedentes de hastili uno.
un botón debajo del primer par de brazos, un botón debajo del segundo par de brazos, y un botón debajo del tercer par de brazos; todos formando una sola pieza con el candelabro.
Classic Spanish (Reina-Valera 1909)
Habrá una manzana debajo de los dos brazos de lo mismo, otra manzana debajo de los otros dos brazos de lo mismo, y otra manzana debajo de los otros dos brazos de lo mismo, en conformidad á los seis brazos que salen del candelero.
For the six branches that extend from the lampstand, a bud must be under the first pair of branches, a bud under the second pair, and a bud under the third pair.
✦ What the text says
Summary
The verse describes three bulb-shaped ornaments (khaftor, H3730), each placed under a pair of branches on a lampstand, followed by a summary clause stating that six branches in total extend from the lampstand's central shaft. The syntax is built as a threefold repeated formula followed by a concluding relative clause.
Key words
- khaftor ("a bulb", H3730) — appears three times, each time introduced by the conjunction ve ("and", H9002), indicating three separate decorative elements repeated in parallel structure.
- tachat ("[will be] under", H8478G) — a masculine singular noun in construct state, meaning it grammatically binds to the following noun phrase ("under [the two of]...").
- shenei ("[the] two", H8147) — a dual cardinal number in construct state, meaning "a pair of," binding to ha-qanim ("the branches").
- qanim ("branches", H7070G) — masculine plural, occurring four times: three times in the phrase "two of the branches" and once in the summary "six of the branches."
- yotze'im ("come out", H3318L) — a qal participle, masculine plural, describing an ongoing state ("the ones going out/extending") rather than a completed action, modifying "the six branches."
What the text says
The Hebrew sentence is constructed as three near-identical clauses, each stating: khaftor ("a bulb") + tachat ("under," construct) + shenei ha-qanim ("the two of the branches") + mimennah ("from it," H4480A + H9034, referring back to the lampstand's shaft). This triple repetition, marked each time by the conjunction ve, produces a rhythmic listing rather than a single compressed statement, and Biblical Hebrew accomplishes this through construct chains rather than through additional prepositions or connecting words.
The final clause shifts from repetition to summary: le-sheshet ha-qanim ("for the six of the branches," H8337 in construct) followed by the qal participle ha-yotze'im ("the ones going out") min ha-menorah ("from the lampstand"). The participle form presents the branches' extension from the lampstand as a durative, descriptive state — characterizing the object's structure — rather than narrating an event.
Differences between versions
The LXXSWETE text supplied here reads "four bowls" (τέσσαρες κρατῆρες, "bowls" or "cups") "carved with almonds" (καρυίσκους), which numerically and lexically diverges from the Hebrew's three khaftor ("bulb") units tied to six branches; the LXX vocabulary (κρατῆρες, "cups/bowls") differs from khaftor ("bulb"), and no participle equivalent to yotze'im ("going out") appears in this LXX clause.
The Vulgate renders khaftor as sphærulæ ("little spheres") and preserves the threefold "under two branches" structure (sub duobus calamis) explicitly counting "three places" (per tria loca) totaling six (qui simul sex fiunt) proceeding from "one shaft" (de hastili uno), which corresponds closely to the Hebrew's repeated construct pattern and summary clause.
This explanation describes the text using linguistic data; it adds no doctrine or confessional interpretation.