Exodus 24:12
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה עֲלֵה אֵלַי הָהָרָה וֶהְיֵה־שָׁם וְאֶתְּנָה לְךָ אֶת־לֻחֹת הָאֶבֶן וְהַתּוֹרָה וְהַמִּצְוָה אֲשֶׁר כָּתַבְתִּי לְהוֹרֹתָֽם׃
✦ Hebrew interlinear
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✦ The same verse in five languages
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה עֲלֵ֥ה אֵלַ֛י הָהָ֖רָה וֶהְיֵה־שָׁ֑ם וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ אֶת־לֻחֹ֣ת הָאֶ֗בֶן וְהַתּוֹרָה֙ וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּתַ֖בְתִּי לְהוֹרֹתָֽם׃
Καὶ εἶπεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν Ἀνάβηθι πρὸς μὲ εἰς τὸ ὄρος καὶ ἴσθι ἐκεῖ· καὶ δώσω σοι τὰ πυξία τὰ λίθινα, τὸν νόμον καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς ἃς ἔγραψαν νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς. καὶ ἀναστὰς Μωσῆς καὶ Ἰησοῦς ὁ παρεστηκὼς αὐτῷ όνεβησαν εἰς τὸ ὄρος τοῦ θεοῦ· καὶ τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις εἶπαν Ησυχάζετε αὐτοῦ ἕως ἀναστρέψωμεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς· καὶ ἰδοὺ Ἀαρὼν καὶ Ὤρ μεθ' ὑμῶν· ἐάν τινι συμβῇ κρίσις, προσπορευέσθωσαν αὐτοῖς. καὶ ἀνέβη Μωυσῆς καὶ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὸ ὄροσ, καὶ ἐκάλυψεν ἡ νεφέλη τὸ ὄρος. καὶ κατέβη ἡ δόξα τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Σινά, καὶ ἐκάλυψεν αὐτὸ ἡ νεφέλη ἕξ ἡμέρας· καὶ ἐκάλεσεν κύριος τὸν Μωυσῆν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἐκ μέσου τῆς νεφέλης. τὸ δὲ εἶδος τῆς δόξης κυρίου ὡσεὶ πῦρ φλέγον ἐπὶ τῆς κορυφῆς τοῦ ὄρους ἐναντίον τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ. Καὶ εἰσῆλθεν Μωυσῆς εἰς τὸ μέσον τῆς νεφέλης καὶ ἀνέβη εἰς τὸ ὄρος, καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ ἐν τῷ ὄρει τεσσεράκοντα καὶ τεσσεράκοντα νύκτας.
Greek text from Swete's edition, CC BY-SA 4.0
Latin (Vulgate)
Dixit autem Dominus ad Moysen: Ascende ad me in montem, et esto ibi: daboque tibi tabulas lapideas, et legem, ac mandata quæ scripsi: ut doceas eos.
Yehová le dijo a Moisés: “Sube a la montaña, hasta donde yo estoy, y espérame ahí. Te voy a dar unas tablas de piedra donde he escrito la ley y los mandamientos para que le enseñes al pueblo.”
Classic Spanish (Reina-Valera 1909)
Entonces Jehová dijo á Moisés: Sube á mí al monte, y espera allá, y te daré tablas de piedra, y la ley, y mandamientos que he escrito para enseñarlos.
Then the LORD said to Moses, “ Come up to Me on the mountain and stay here, so that I may give you the tablets of stone, with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”
✦ What the text says
Summary
Yehovah instructs Moses to ascend the mountain and remain there, promising to give him the stone tablets inscribed with the torah ("law", H8451) and the mitzvah ("commandment", H4687) that Yehovah had written, so that these could be taught to a group referred to only by a plural suffix ("them").
Key words
- 'a.Leh ("come up", H5927) — qal imperative, 2nd person masculine singular; a direct command to Moses alone.
- Ha.ra ("the mountain", H2022) — the noun carries a directional he suffix (item 11), marking motion "toward" the mountain rather than simple location.
- lu.Chot ("tablets of", H3871) — feminine plural noun in construct state, meaning it must be followed by what the tablets consist of (ha'even, "the stone").
- ka.Tav.ti ("I have written", H3789) — qal perfect, 1st person singular; the completed action is attributed grammatically to Yehovah as speaker.
- ho.ro.Ta ("to teach", H3384) — hiphil (causative) infinitive, "to cause to know/teach," bound with the suffix -m ("them") indicating the beneficiaries of the teaching, though the text does not name who performs the teaching.
What the text says
The verse opens with the standard narrative construction va-yomer ("and he said") introducing direct speech from Yehovah to Moses. The core of the command consists of two imperatives in sequence — 'aleh ("come up") and heyeh ("be") — both second-person masculine singular, addressed only to Moses, with no plural verbs including other figures at this point in the clause. The phrase ha-ha-rah uses the directional he ending, a common Biblical Hebrew device indicating motion toward a place, reinforced by the preceding preposition 'el ("to/toward").
The promised gift is described through a construct chain: luchot ha-'even ("tablets of the stone"), followed by two coordinated definite nouns, ha-torah and ha-mitzvah, both introduced by ve- ("and"). These are qualified by the relative clause 'asher katavti ("which I have written"), a qal perfect verb marking the writing as an already-completed act by the speaker (Yehovah, grammatically). The final infinitive le-horotam ("to teach them") uses the hiphil stem, denoting a causative sense ("to cause to know"), attached to a third-person plural suffix. The infinitive construction does not grammatically specify who performs the teaching — only that "them" (a plural group, unspecified in this verse) will receive it.
Differences between versions
The Hebrew katavti ("I have written," 1st person singular) differs from the LXX's ἃς ἔγραψαν ("which they wrote," 3rd person plural), shifting the grammatical subject of the writing from Yehovah alone to an unspecified plural group. The Vulgate's ut doceas eos ("so that you [Moses] may teach them") supplies an explicit second-person subject for the teaching, where the Hebrew infinitive le-horotam leaves the teacher unspecified; the LXX's νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς ("to give law to them") likewise renders the act impersonally, without naming an agent.
This explanation describes the text using linguistic data; it adds no doctrine or confessional interpretation.