Deuteronomy 32:43

הַרְנִינוּ גוֹיִם עַמּוֹ כִּי דַם־עֲבָדָיו יִקּוֹם וְנָקָם יָשִׁיב לְצָרָיו וְכִפֶּר אַדְמָתוֹ עַמּֽוֹ׃ פ

✦ Hebrew interlinear

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✦ The same verse in five languages

Hebrew

הַרְנִ֤ינוּ גוֹיִם֙ עַמּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִקּ֑וֹם וְנָקָם֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לְצָרָ֔יו וְכִפֶּ֥ר אַדְמָת֖וֹ עַמּֽוֹ׃ פ

Greek (Septuagint)

εὐφράνθητε, οὐρανοί, ἅμα αὐτῶ, καὶ προσκυνησάτωσαν αὐτώ υἱοὶ εὐφράνθητε, ἔθνη, μετὰ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι τὸ αἷμα τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐκδικήσει, καὶ ἀνταποδώσει δίκην τοῖς ἔ’ ἐχθροῖς. καὶ τοῖς μισοῦσιν ἀνταποδώσει, κα ἐκκαθαριεῖ κύριος τὴν γῆν τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ.

Greek text from Swete's edition, CC BY-SA 4.0

Latin (Vulgate)

Laudate, gentes, populum ejus, quia sanguinem servorum suorum ulciscetur: et vindictam retribuet in hostes eorum, et propitius erit terræ populi sui.

Spanish

Alégrense, naciones, con su pueblo, porque vengará la sangre de sus siervos. Se vengará de sus adversarios, y expiará su tierra y su pueblo.

Classic Spanish (Reina-Valera 1909)

Alabad, gentes, á su pueblo, porque él vengará la sangre de sus siervos, y volverá la venganza á sus enemigos, y expiará su tierra, á su pueblo.

English

Rejoice, O heavens, with Him, and let all God’s angels worship Him. Rejoice, O nations, with His people; for He will avenge the blood of His children. He will take vengeance on His adversaries and repay those who hate Him; He will cleanse His land and His people.

✦ What the text says

Summary

The verse calls on the nations to rejoice together with "his people," then gives the reason: Yehovah will avenge the blood of his servants, repay his adversaries, and make atonement for his land and his people. The clause is built as a causal explanation (introduced by ki) followed by two consecutive future actions.

Key words

har.Ninu ("shout for joy", H7442B) — hiphil (causative) imperative, plural "you," opens the verse as a direct command to a group.
goyim ("nations", H1471A) — masculine plural noun, vocative, the addressees of the command.
dam ("blood of", H1818) — construct form linking to avadav ("his servants," H5650), forming the phrase "blood of his servants," the object of the avenging action.
yiqqom ("he will avenge", H5358) — qal imperfect, third person, the verb governed by the causal ki ("for", H3588A) clause.
kipper ("he will make atonement for", H3722A) — piel (intensive) sequential perfect, continuing the narrative chain begun by the preceding ve- ("and") verbs, taking "his land" and "his people" as double objects.

What the text says

The sentence opens with an imperative addressed to goyim ("nations"), immediately followed by ammo ("his people," H5971A with 3ms suffix). Because ammo is grammatically a construct-form noun with a pronominal suffix rather than a second imperative or independent vocative marker, the juxtaposition "nations, his people" is syntactically compact — the Hebrew does not supply a connecting word ("with," "and") between the two, leaving the relationship between "nations" and "his people" to be inferred from context alone.

The ki clause that follows gives the grounds for the exclamation: "for the blood of his servants he will avenge" (dam-avadav yiqqom). The object ("blood of his servants") is placed before the verb yiqqom, a word order that in Hebrew narrative prose typically marks emphasis on the fronted element. The next clause repeats the pattern: ve-naqam yashiv le-tzarav — "and vengeance he will return to his foes" — again fronting the noun naqam ("vengeance," H5359) before the hiphil verb yashiv ("he will return/repay," H7725K). The final clause shifts verb form to the piel sequential perfect khiper ("he will make atonement for"), governing two objects in construct chains: admato ("his land," H0127G) and ammo ("his people," H5971A), the same noun that opened the verse, closing the passage with a repeated term.

Differences between versions

The LXX preserves two additional opening lines — "Rejoice, O heavens, with him, and let the sons of God worship him" — that have no corresponding Hebrew text in the Masoretic wording given here. The LXX also renders the goyim/ammo juxtaposition explicitly as "ἔθνη μετὰ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ" ("nations, together with his people"), inserting a connective ("with") not present as a separate word in the Hebrew. The Vulgate ("Laudate gentes populum ejus") and RV1909 ("Alabad, gentes, á su pueblo") both treat ammo as the direct object of the imperative ("praise his people") rather than as a second vocative or accompanying phrase, differing from the BSB's "Rejoice, O nations, with His people," which follows the LXX's added connective sense.

This explanation describes the text using linguistic data; it adds no doctrine or confessional interpretation.