Deuteronomy 30:7

Summary

The verse states that Yehovah the God of the addressee will place all the previously mentioned curses upon the enemies and haters of the addressee, specifically those who have persecuted him. It functions as a reversal clause, redirecting the oaths/curses described earlier onto a different target.

Key words

• na.Tan ("he will put", H5414H) — qal sequential perfect; continues the narrative chain from prior verses, indicating a future action that follows logically/temporally from what precedes.
• 'a.Lot ("oaths", H0423) — feminine plural noun, definite via the article ha. (H9009) and the demonstrative 'E.leh ("these", H0428), pointing back to oaths/curses already named in the text.
• 'o.ye.Vei. ("enemies", H0341) — qal participle, masculine plural construct, meaning "those who are enemies of you," with the suffix kha ("your", H9021) attached.
• so.ne.'Ei. ("[those who] hate", H8130) — qal participle, masculine plural construct, parallel in form to 'o.ye.Vei., describing an ongoing state of hating rather than a single completed act.
• re.da.Fu. ("they have persecuted", H7291) — qal perfect, third person plural, marking a completed action distinct from the participles that describe ongoing states.

What the text says

The sentence opens with the narrative vav ve. (H9001) attached to na.Tan, showing this clause continues a sequence of actions initiated earlier in the passage. The subject is Yah.weh 'e.lo.Hei. + kha ("Yehovah your God"), a construct phrase naming the deity as belonging in relation to the addressee. The direct object is marked by 'et (H0853), an untranslatable particle signaling that what follows — kol- ha. 'a.Lot ha. 'E.leh ("all these oaths") — is the grammatical object of na.Tan. The double definite article plus demonstrative ("the oaths, the these") emphasizes that these are specific, previously identified curses, not a new set.

The two prepositional phrases 'al- 'o.ye.Vei.kha and ve. 'al- so.ne.'Ei.kha both use 'al (H5921A, "on/upon") to indicate the destination of the action — the curses land "upon" the enemies and haters. Both 'o.ye.Vei. and so.ne.'Ei. are qal participles in construct form, meaning they describe those who habitually act as enemies or haters, not people who performed a single act. The final clause, introduced by the relative particle 'a.Sher (H0834A), uses a qal perfect verb re.da.Fu. to describe persecution as a completed action already carried out by these enemies/haters against the addressee.

Differences between versions

The LXX renders the divine name as Kyrios ho theos sou ("Lord your God"), a standard substitution pattern rather than a direct transliteration. The Vulgate shifts the grammatical subject: instead of Yehovah as the one who "puts" the curses, the Latin verb convertet ("he will turn/direct") appears with "all the curses" (maledictiones) functioning differently in the sentence structure, though the overall meaning of directing curses onto enemies is preserved. The Hebrew's two distinct participles for "enemies" and "haters" are rendered in the LXX as ἐχθρούς ("enemies") and μισοῦντάς ("those hating"), maintaining the two-term structure, while the Vulgate's inimicos and qui oderunt also preserve this parallelism.