Deuteronomy 24:11

Summary

The verse instructs that the lender must remain outside a debtor's house, and the debtor himself is the one who brings the pledged item out to him. The action emphasizes that the creditor does not enter the borrower's home to retrieve collateral.

Key words

• Chutz ("outside", H2351) — appears twice (positions 2 and 19), framing the action spatially: the lender stands "outside," and the pledge is brought "to the outside."
• ta'aMod ("you will stand", H5975G) — qal imperfect, second person masculine, describing the lender's ongoing posture of remaining in place rather than entering.
• noSheh ("[are] lending", H5383) — qal participle, masculine singular, describing the lender as one continuously engaged in the act of lending, functioning almost as a descriptive title ("the one you are lending to").
• yoTzi' ("he will bring out", H3318H) — hiphil imperfect, third person masculine, causative form indicating the debtor actively causes the pledge to come out, as opposed to the creditor taking it.
• 'aVot ("pledge", H5667) — noun, masculine singular, the physical item held as security for the loan.

What the text says

The Hebrew sentence divides into two clauses joined by ve ("and", H9002). The first clause, baChutz ta'aMod ("outside you will stand"), places the locative noun Chutz before the verb, giving spatial emphasis to the lender's fixed position outside. The subject "you" is embedded in the verb form itself (second person masculine imperfect), so no separate pronoun is needed here.

The second clause shifts the grammatical subject to ha'Ish ("the person", H0376G), specified by the relative clause 'aSher 'aTah noSheh vo ("whom you are lending to him"), literally "that you [are] lending in him," using the participle noSheh to mark the ongoing role of creditor. The core action of this clause is carried by yoTzi', a hiphil (causative) imperfect verb: the debtor "causes to go out" the pledge. This causative form is significant grammatically — it is the debtor, not the creditor, who initiates the release of the item marked by the direct object particle 'et (H0853) before ha'aVot ha'aVot ("the pledge"). Note that 'et is normally untranslated, functioning solely to mark the noun that follows it as the direct object.

The final word, hachuTzah ("towards the outside", H2351 + H9011), repeats the root Chutz from the sentence's opening, now with directional he suffix, reinforcing the spatial arc of the sentence: the lender starts outside, and the pledge is brought outward to meet him there.