Deuteronomy 11:3

וְאֶת־אֹֽתֹתָיו וְאֶֽת־מַעֲשָׂיו אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה בְּתוֹךְ מִצְרָיִם לְפַרְעֹה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַיִם וּלְכָל־אַרְצֽוֹ׃

✦ Hebrew interlinear

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✦ The same verse in five languages

Hebrew

וְאֶת־אֹֽתֹתָיו֙ וְאֶֽת־מַעֲשָׂ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּת֣וֹךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם לְפַרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם וּלְכָל־אַרְצֽוֹ׃

Greek (Septuagint)

καὶ τὰ σημεῖα αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ τέρατα αὐτοῦ ὅσα ἐποίησεν ἐν μέσῳ Αἰγύπτου Φαραὼ βασιλεῖ Αἰγύπτου καὶ πάση τῆ γῇ αὐτοῦ,

Greek text from Swete's edition, CC BY-SA 4.0

Latin (Vulgate)

signa et opera quæ fecit in medio Ægypti Pharaoni regi, et universæ terræ ejus,

Spanish

sus señales y sus obras, que hizo en medio de Egipto al faraón, rey de Egipto, y a toda su tierra;

Classic Spanish (Reina-Valera 1909)

Y sus señales, y sus obras que hizo en medio de Egipto á Faraón, rey de Egipto, y á toda su tierra;

English

the signs and works He did in Egypt to Pharaoh king of Egypt and all his land;

✦ What the text says

Summary

Deuteronomy 11:3 continues a list of what Yehovah did to Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and to all his land — specifically his "signs" and his "deeds," performed in the midst of Egypt. The verse is a subordinate clause dependent on a verb from the preceding context, describing the object of the previous statement about divine acts witnessed by the audience.

Key words

'ototav ("his signs", H0226G) — feminine plural construct noun with 3ms suffix "his"; refers to the signs performed by Yehovah.
ma'asav ("his deeds", H4639K) — masculine plural construct noun with 3ms suffix "his"; parallel term to "signs," denoting acts or works.
'asher ("which", H0834A) — relative particle introducing the clause that specifies what was done and to whom.
'asah ("he did", H6213A) — qal perfect verb, third person masculine singular, indicating a completed action attributed to the subject (Yehovah, established earlier in the passage).
be-tokh ("in the midst of", H8432) — masculine singular construct noun functioning prepositionally, locating the action "within" Egypt rather than merely "in" it.

What the text says

The Hebrew sentence structure places two direct objects — 'ototav ("his signs") and ma'asav ("his deeds") — each marked by the object marker 'et (H0853), before the relative clause 'asher 'asah ("which he did"). This construction ties both nouns to a single verb of action, indicating that the "signs" and "deeds" are the same category of event, differentiated only by terminology, not by separate occurrences. The verb 'asah is in the qal perfect, marking completed action, consistent with a narrative recollection of past events.

The phrase be-tokh Mitzrayim ("in the midst of Egypt") uses the construct noun tokh ("midst of", H8432) rather than a simple locative preposition, emphasizing an internal position — the action took place within Egypt's own territory, not merely near it or upon its border. The following phrase extends the scope of the action's target: it was done "to Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and to all his land," using the preposition le ("to", H9005) twice, first for Pharaoh and again for "all his land" (kol-'artzo), marking these as recipients rather than instruments of the action.

Differences between versions

The Septuagint renders the two Hebrew nouns 'otot ("signs") and ma'asim ("deeds") as τὰ σημεῖα ("the signs") and τὰ τέρατα ("the wonders/portents"), where the Hebrew's second term literally denotes "deeds" or "works" rather than "wonders." The Vulgate's signa et opera ("signs and works") corresponds more closely to the Hebrew semantic range of ma'asim as "deeds/works" than the LXX's τέρατα.

This explanation describes the text using linguistic data; it adds no doctrine or confessional interpretation.